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Abhidhamma – the third division of the Pāḷi Canon, consisting of a deconstructionist, metaphysical view of the Buddha's doctrine
abhijānamāno – experientially understand [Ayya Khema's definition of an insight]
anattā – literally “not-self"; coreless, empty
anicca – inconstancy, ever-changing, impermanent
anupubbasikkhā – gradual (or graduated) training
appamatta – diligent (in); vigilant (about); careful (about); attentive (to); heedful
arahant – A worthy one, meaning fully awakened
atammayata – non-concocting; non-fashioning; literally: not made of this
avijjā – not knowing
ākiñcaññaṁ – no-thingness
ākiñcaññāyatana – the Base of Nothingness, aka the 7th Jhāna
ākiñcaññasambhavaṁ – source of no-thingness
āsava – intoxicant; also translated as outflow, influx, effluent, canker, taint
āsā – expectation, hope, wish, longing, desire
bhava – becoming; existence
bhavataṇhā – craving for becoming
citta – heart/mind
dāna – giving, gift
dhātu – element, aspect
dhamma – The Dhamma, doctrine, phenomena, mind objects
Dhamma – the teaching of the Buddha and also "the way things truly are"
dukkha – bummer,1 unsatisfactoriness, stress, suffering
jara – decay, decrepitude, old age
jātiṁ jaraṁ – birth and old age
jhāna – literally: meditation; one of four (later eight) states of concentration
jhāyati – to meditate
kathaṅkathāhi – confusion; doubt; questioning; lit. asking how?
kathāhi – talk; speech; conversation; discussion; argument; debate; lit. talk
kāya – group, heap, collection, body
khandha – one of the five aggregates: rūpa, vedanā, saññā, saṅkhārā & viññāṇa
loka – world
mettā – loving-kindness, unconditional love
mogha – useless; pointless; futile; ineffective; unprofitable; vain; stupid; foolish;" lit. empty
muni – wise person
nandi – delight; pleasure; enjoyment; relish
nāma – name
nāma-rūpa – name-and-form, sometimes translated as “mind-and-body” or “mentality-and-materiality,” especially in the context of dependent origination
ñāṇa – knowledge
nibbāna – literally "not burning", i.e., not burning with the fires of greed hate or delusion; the goal of the holy life, the realization that brings an end to dukkha
nibbuto – verb form of the noun nibbāna
nidānā – source; foundation
nivāraṇa – prevention
nīvaraṇa – hindrance
pamatta – heedless, negligent
paññā – wisdom
papañca – mental proliferation
pāra – the other side, the far shore
pārāyana – going to the far shore
paroparāni – above and beyond; high and low; superior and inferior
phassa – contact, sense-contact
rāja – king
rūpa – materiality, body
sabbe – all
saṃsāra – worldly existence, the infinitely repeating cycles of birth, dukkha, and death
samādhi – indistractability, concentration
samphapalapa – gossip or idle chatter; useless speech
saṅkhāra – concoction, fabrication, fashioned, literally: making together
saṅkhāya – reflecting; considering; appraising
saññā – conceptualization, perception, naming, identifying
sati – mindfulness, remembering to be here now
sīla – morality, ethical behavior
sutta – discourse, teaching
Suttas – the second division of the Pāḷi Canon, consisting of discourses given by the Buddha or his closest disciples
taṇhā – craving (literally "thirst")
tathāgata – one arrived at suchness, a fully awakened one
thru – through
upadhi – assets; foundation; basis; ground; substratum; support; things laid by which one relies on as supports
upādāna – clinging
upekkhā – equanimity; literally: gaze upon
vagga – a section or chapter of a canonical book
vedanā – the initial categorization of a sense input as pleasant, unpleasant or neither unpleasant or pleasant; valence
vibhavataṇhā – craving for not becoming
vicāra – examining
virāga – dispassion; literally: “not-colored
Visuddhimagga – a 5th century CE commentary on the Buddha's teachings
vitakka – thinking
viññāṇa – consciousness; occasionally it means "mind;" literally "divided knowing"
yāna – going, proceeding
1. See the essay "Dukkha is A Bummer" at https://leighb.com/bummer.htm for a detailed exploration of why "bummer" is a good translation of dukkha.
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